How is Sprawl Related to Landscape Change in Cities? Essay -- Urbaniza

How is Sprawl Related to Landscape Change in Cities? Over the past 20 years the 100 largest US urbanized areas have sprawled an additional 14,545 square miles according to the US Bureau of Census on Urbanized Areas. That was more than 9 million acres of natural habitats, farmland and other rural space that were covered over by asphalt, buildings and housing of suburbia. A major controversy in the efforts to halt the rural land loss is whether land-use and consumption decisions are the primary engines of urban sprawl, or whether it is the nation’s growing population boom that is providing the driving expansion. A good example of this rapid sprawl is the city of Chicago. It has had astonishing growth in the past years bringing about many new issues such as traffic congestion, surging housing markets, air pollution, loss of rural land and overcrowded schools. Through the redevelopment of existing cities like Chicago using methods like smart planning we can create livable areas, meet the needs of citizens and thus reduce the need fo r sprawl at the outer edge of existing cities. The main issues that will be covered are housing and human and social implications. The first issue is to define what sprawl is. There are many definitions of sprawl but the central component of most definitions seems to be this: Sprawl is the spreading out of a city and its suburbs over more and more rural land at the periphery of an urban area. This involves the conversion of open space (rural land) into built up, developed land over time. Organizations whose chief concerns involve urban planning goals may tend to emphasize qualitative attributes of sprawl, such as attractiveness, pedestrian-friendliness and compactness. But those who are ... ...y on the Sierra club sitehttp://www.crp.cornell.edu/faculty/pendall.htm taken from the Sierra Club site in the 1998 Chicago report. National Trust for Historic Preservation http://www.nationaltrust.org/ Weighing Sprawl Factors in large US Cities, http://www.sprawlcity.org/studyUSA/USAexecutivesummary.pdf Chicago Metro Case Study, http://www.sprawlcity.org/studyUSA/USAexecutivesummary.pdf Brownfield article, www.pollutionengineering.com/arcives/ Environmental Law and Policy Center, http://www.elpc.org/trans/visions/visions.htm William Cronon, Natures Metropolis, Copyright 1991, W.W. Norton and Company Inc., NY, NY. Planned Manufacturing article www.ncbg.org/tifhandbook/pmd.pdf Tax Increment Financing articles www.ci.chi.il.us/PlanAndDevelop/Programs/TaxIncrementFinancing.html www.ci.chi.il.us/PlanAndDevelop/Programs/TIF/Report.pdf

Pele :: Biography

Time magazine of London stated early in his career, â€Å"How do you spell Pelà ©? G-O-D† (3). The greatest soccer player in the history of the sport is unquestionably Pelà ©. His statistic rà ©sumà © is unmatched by anyone who has ever played this great sport. He began his career on a high note, and never let off until his retirement. Even after his career ended he helped to work for a world for children. Pele’s life did not begin idealistically, only by chance was he discovered, but he grew to be the greatest soccer player ever and he used that fame and fortune to do even greater deeds for the less fortunate. Pelà ©, born in Tres Coracos, Brazil on October 23, 1940 and was named Edson Arantes do Nascimento, but went by â€Å"Dico† (1 & 2). His parents, Dondinho and Celeste Nascimento, were very poor, and when their son was not playing soccer he shined shoes for pennies when he was a child (2). At age 11, Dico was discovered by one of Brazil’s premiere soccer players of the time, Waldemar de Brito, while he was playing soccer with some friends in the street (2). Brito worked with him for 4 years before he started to take him for professional clubs to evaluate him (2). When he brought Dico to a team in Santos from Chile, Brito declared to the disbelieving directors â€Å"this boy will be the greatest soccer player in the world† (2). The bragging worked and in his first professional game young Edson, who came to be known as Pelà ©, scored 4 goals, leading Santos to a 7-1 victory (2). By the age of 16 he had secured a starting position on the team. He also had earned a position on the Brazilian national team in only his second year pro (2). At the age of 17, Pelà © played in the 1958 World Cup of soccer (1). He surprised the world by scoring six goals throughout the tournament, including two in the championship game of Brazil’s 5-2 victory over Sweden to give Brazil its first World Cup trophy (1). In the 1970 tournament he scored a dazzling goal in the win against Italy, and it was Brazil’s 100th World Cup goal and the one he remembers the most (3). Brazil, unfortunately, did not win that tournament, but Pelà © assisted them in winning two others, totaling up to winning three world cups within 12 years (1).

Because I Counld Not Stop for Death

The analysis of the relationship between the life experiences and belief Emily Dickinson held and her poems by analyzing â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† Emily Elizabeth Dickinson (1830-1886), an American poet, was born in Amherst, Massachusetts. Living in a successful family which had an important status in the community, she lived a very introverted life. After having spent seven years in Amherst Academy, she carried on studying in Mount Holyoke Female Seminary for a short period of time. The locals considered her as an eccentric. Maybe this was the reason why she started to be noted for wearing white clothing, and seldom greeting visitors. One of her closest friend Thomas Wentworth Higginson said:† Emily emerged from her wonted retirement and did her part as gracious hostess; nor would any one have known from her manner, I have been told, that this was not a daily occurrence. † (http://www. gutenberg. org/dirs/etext01/1mlyd10. txt) Dickinson’s introverted world let her develop her unique thought and tone. Having never thought of letting the poems be published–it was called â€Å"the Poetry of the Portfolio,† –her poems were the full display of a writer’s own mind. However, the few works published in her life time were largely altered by the publishers to fit the contemporary poetic rules. Dickinson’s poems were unique in her times. Besides the unconventional writing format of poetry: â€Å"containing short lines, typically lack titles, and often utilize slant rhyme as well as unconventional capitalization and punctuation,† her religious belief and the unconventional utterance were evident to be perceived. â€Å"She loved to speak of a compassionate Savior and the grandeur of the Scriptures, but she disliked the hypocrisy and arbitrariness of institutional church. We can infer that the writer possessed her distinctive way to appreciate God. Moreover, she often mentioned immortality, death, and eternity in her poems. In Because I Could Not Stop for Death (1924), Because I could not stop for Death, He kindly stopped for me; The carriage held but just ourselves And Immortality. In the first stanza she portrayed the approach of death . In Calvinist dogma, â€Å"it is true that death passed upon all men through the First Adam† since he was expelled from the Garden and lost the reliance of immortality from Tree of Life and thus made death certain. http://geocities. com/shsnj_2000/theology/calvinism. html) (http://lifeafterdeath. eu/) The same belief can be inferred in the last stanza: Since then ‘t is centuries; but each Feels shorter than the day I first surmised the horses' heads Were toward eternity. The underlined two lines indicate that Dickinson assumed that with the accompanying of death she was resuming and reentering the immortality. After the sketchy understanding of the religious part of her composing background, then the following is the subconscious part of her composing background. According to William Cullen Bryant and Henry Thoreau, we can apply many of the characteristics of Dickinson’s verse in this poem: â€Å"2. Her style is elliptical — she will say no more than she must –suggesting either a quality of uncertainty or one of finality. † For example, she held the word eternity until the last word of the last stanza to point out the main theme. â€Å"3. Her lyrics are her highly subjective — she knows no other consciousness. † Emily Dickinson altogether used three I and at least ten me and my in this poem. Because the extremely limited life circle and introverted world, it was nothing more easier than applying the protagonism (the first person point of view) in the verse. â€Å"4. Ambiguity of meaning and syntax. Wrote Higginson: ‘She almost always grasped whatever she sought, but with some fracture of grammar and dictionary on the way. ’† For example, in the fifth stanza: We paused before a house that seemed (was) A swelling of the ground; The roof was scarcely visible, (and) The cornice (was not a cornice) but a mound. â€Å"5. Concreteness – it is nearly a theorem of lyric poetry that it is as good as it is concrete. Even when she is talking of the most abstract of subjects, Emily specifies it by elaborating it in the concreteness of simile or metaphor. † Here we go to talk about the figurative language. Dickinson used personification to portray Death as a kind and civil gentleman who accompanies her to pass the life that she is busy with and Death is like a suitor who comes calling for the narrator to escort her to eternity. And she too mentioned that the immortality is another passenger in the carriage. http://www. cummingsstudyguides. net/Guides2/Dickinson. html#Characters)Therefore, from the interaction between the personified Death and the speaker we can perceive that the speaker is a woman who is sound in her decision to leave. She is too naive concerning Death’s intension for her. â€Å"Frank Bernard states that ‘at [the] poem's opening the speaker is, to say the least, na ive . . . . She does not have the foresight to dress warmly. . . and there is no luggage. ’† (http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/657821/emily_dickinsons_because_i_could_not. html? cat=38) The metaphor in the poem is multiple: first, in the forth stanza, the speaker is only wearing gossamer, tippet, and tulle and feels cold. It means she had come to the late night of her life, and human race has nothing to armor themselves against the cold of death. Second, in the forth stanza, the writer chose the word gown to indicate that she went with death not with sadness but with the attitude to be a bride. Third, in the fifth stanza, the line â€Å"the tomb [is like] a house† points out that there is a place for her to dwell in the long time after passing away because death is not the end but â€Å"eternity. Forth, â€Å"The setting sun passed us† means that human race is a tiny existence that can only be dominated by the power of time. (http://www. cummingsstudyguides. net/Guides2/Dickinson. html#Top) The use of simile and irony are also significant: In the fifth stanza the writer used the simile:† a house that seemed a swelling of the ground. † It i ndicates that the tomb is a swelling of the ground. The use of the irony is in the third stanza: We passed the school, where children strove At recess, in the ring; We passed the fields of gazing grain, We passed the setting sun. The speaker illustrated the three images of the stage of life. Each of them is portrayed vividly, however, the speaker is getting away from them and soon entering the next stage, the final stage right after the sunset. â€Å"However, it is understood that when looking back on the experience, she realizes the significance of those seemingly mundane occurrences. † (http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/657821/emily_dickinsons_because_i_could_not. html? cat=38) Analyzing this poem by new criticism, the theme is clear. Though Dickinson's insights are profound, they are limited in topic. Because I could not stop for death† echoes the reoccurring theme of the inevitability of death. In this poem, Dickinson skillfully conveys that theme through a personification of Death as a courtly lover. Death is not the end but the eternity. (http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/657821/emily_dickinsons_because_i_could_not. html? cat=38) The Symbols in the poem are carriage, schoo l, fields, and the setting sun. The carriage symbolizes the procedure of death. As the carriage moves, human beings experience their lives in each stage get and more and more closer to the final destination of life (death). The school, fields, and the setting sun symbolize the early, middle, and late stage of life. The last one of the characteristics of Dickinson’s verse is obscurity and the space for another answer. Higginson said’ †¦ she was obscure, and sometimes inscrutable; and though obscurity is sometimes, in Coleridge's phrase, a compliment to the reader, yet it is never safe to press this compliment too hard. ’ â€Å" †¢ Is Death a kind, polite suitor? The speaker refers to his â€Å"kindness† and â€Å"civility. † He drives her slowly; is this an expression of tact and consideration for her? If he is the courteous suitor, then Immortality,who is also in the carriage (or hearse) would be their chaperon, a silent one. †¢ Is Death actually a betrayer, and is his courtly manner an illusion to seduce her? Because of his kindness in stopping for her, she agrees to go with him (â€Å"put away / My labor and my leisure too†). Is Death really cruel? She is not properly dressed for their journey; she is wearing only a gossamer gown and tulle tippet (gossamer: very light, thin cloth; tulle: a thin, fine netting used for veils, scarfs, etc. tippet: covering for the shoulders). Is Immortality really an accomplice to Death's deception? (http://academic. brooklyn. cuny. edu/english/melani/cs6/stop. html) From the above analysis it is not hard anymore for us to infer that Emily Dickinson who is a talented writer who conceived the vivid imagination in mind. Her life experiences and religious belief have influenced her verse a lot. From this poem Because I Could Not Stop for D eath the another indicated her interpretation of death: Death is not the end but the eternity.

A Man of Controversy, essays

A Man of Controversy, essays The support given by United States rulers is rather in the nature of the support a rope gives a hanged man. These were words once uttered from the mouth of the Soviet Unions most ambitious and successful ruler, Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev. Khrushchev was a man that took over power in the Soviet Union very soon after Stalins death; despite his overt criticism of the United States, he was the first ruler to actually believe that the West and the Soviet Union could get along peacefully. Despite being ousted from power by some of his most trusted followers, Khrushchev was perhaps the reason why the Russians and the Americans get along as well as they do today. His backward thinking started a new era for Communism; he led them to glory that was only deserving of the Soviet Union. Khrushchev was born into a very poor family located in Kalinovka, near the village of Kursk in southwestern Russia. His grandfather had worked as a serf and his father worked as a peasant and as a miner. Khrushchev received very little education in schools because his family needed him to work on the family farm. After only about eight years of education, Khrushchev dropped out of school to herd his familys cattle. He later became a pipe fitter in a coalmine in the Donets Basin, which is near present-day Ukraine. He soon joined the Bolshevik Communist Party in 1918, and he served in the Red Army as a junior political officer in Russian Civil War from 1918-1921. After the civil war, he returned to Ukraine and he began working as the assistant manager of a coalmine back in the Donets Basin. Khrushchev moved to Moscow in 1929 to go to school at the Stalin Industrial Academy, where he became the leader of the academys Communist Party organization. Khrushchev then began to work full time as a secretary of the Communist Party in Moscow. Under the tutelage of Lazar Kaganovich, who was the first secretary ...

Mr.. Jan Caesar Essays

Mr.. Jan Caesar Essays Mr.. Jan Caesar Essay Mr.. Jan Caesar Essay To our supportive adviser Mr Jan Caesar A. Lambadi for his supports and knowledge. To our beloved dean Ms. Maria Christina Floors-Belles, for untiring support and extending her understanding and knowledge. Above all to our Almighty Father for providing us everything, to him we give back all the glory and praises. The accomplishment of this research work would not be attend without the generosity and support of other people who would always stand and look through behind us. We would like to extend our deepest thanks and gratitude to our parents who poured on us their support in many aspects. To our adviser Mr Jan Caesar A. Lambadi, for his untiring efforts in imparting and sharing hid knowledge of the subject matter in such way that we would easily grasp details and technical information porting us to make this research a successful one. To our instructors and to our Dean Ms. Maria Christina Floors-Belles, for encouraging and guiding us from the start of this study. To our friends and classmates who served as spices of our lives, inspire us despite of the difficulties and alternations, which somehow make us weak. And above all to our Almighty God, who bestowed us knowledge and wisdom, which we necessarily need to continue striving for the best. Institution and universities desire to have an easy way in processing the payroll system of the employee. Therefore, the researcher aims to study the Employee Payroll System of San Francisco Municipality, Surging Del Norte. We come up with a proposal that help to enhance the manual process of the present system to automate its process and operation. The organization of the study consist two parts. First part covers the result of the system analysis and design made by the researchers that is subdivided into four chapters and the second part is the program documentation. Chapter 1 discusses the overview of the present system study. It begins with an introduction, organization of the study, review of related literature, statement of the problem, statement of purpose and objectives, significance of the study, scope and limitation, research methodology, schematic diagram, and Giant chart. Chapter 2 deals on the present system that consists of the introduction , organizational chart, the documents and its usage, context diagram, processing of transaction, data flow diagram of present and proposed system, and its analysis and interpretation.

The Sunset Essay Example

The Sunset Essay Example The Sunset Essay The Sunset Essay The early morning fog hovers lazily, a couple of feet above the ground. It is cold and dark out. Traces of dew are still evident among the leaves, and lie thick along the pasture. The blades of grass are wet, and appear to be razor sharp. In a couple of minutes, the scene will change from dark to light and a new day will begin. A gentle breeze blows south and it seems that the trees loose their leaves in the gust. Its as if they are pointing in the direction of the wind. The leaves rustle together copiously and the sound is rather loud. Now the wind has died down, and the attention is once again turned to the thick mist. The trees are once again settled. It is difficult to see far off into the distance as the ghostly gray fog is dense and surrounds the entire scene. It is dark, and the scene almost looks scary. The grass is intimidating and the fog seems as though it belongs above a graveyard. I am sitting on top of a cliff peering over into the distance, it is hard to see but I can make out the murky water. It is calm and motionless. I make my way down to the sand where I wait to see the sun hit the water and change the mood from an eerie scene out of a horror movie to a picturesque prospect that would even please the harshest of people. Im sitting on the cold white sand, alone, taking in the surrounding beauty. The mist begins to lift and retreat ready to come out again at the same time exactly one day later. The darkness fades away and light begins to dominate. The tip of the sun meets the water and changes it from a depressing murky colour, to a sparkling shine. A line is created down the water from the sun, but is disturbed and skewed by the waves. The water is still relatively calm; the current is heading out to the northeast. The birds begin to chirp noisily, and this is the signal of a new day. A few fly, or more accurately glide above my head and come to rest high up in the tree, busy with their own days accounts. The sun creeps slowly furthering itself from the ground. It begins to overlook the water as though it will engulf it. A beautiful opaque color of orange fills the air as it robustly generates off the suns surface. It procrastinates for me to appreciate its beauty. People say that you should never directly look into the sun, but then who could they appreciate its magnificence? The sun soars above the water, getting closer to its well-known position in the sky. The day is now lit brightly as the sun begins to work. Coldness has turned to hot, and any areas of darkness have been banished and the scenario is only filled with joyful sections of well light encounters. I could write for ten years and still not nearly describe its beauty accurately. Witnessing the sunrise at my favorite beach location can only be seen as priceless. This is a sanctuary for me, a place to escape reality and just drift away, drift away in the ocean towards the sun, hoping that one day I can finally reach it.

Problems In The Gym Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Problems In The Gym - Essay Example The windows are always opened with some trees planted outside to increase circulation of fresh air in the hall. The equipments are adjustable in order to accommodate a variety of users thus creating comfort when using without straining. Ramage and Bean suggest that everything with merits never lacks some demerits, there are some negative attributes associated with this gym (34). These are some of the things that create discomfort in durations that I am working out in the gym. However, the things can be tolerated, in order to concentrate with their routine activities. On the other hand, some of these problems are difficult to deal with and avoid. One of these things is the fact that sometimes the gym can be intimidating when one is surrounded by unfamiliar people starring. This brings a feeling of discomfort, and it can result to distressing feelings especially when a person is new in the place. The other discomfort arises when one is surrounded by sweaty people who are deeply involve d in their working out routine. Sometimes the place becomes humid causing difficulties in breathing properly especially when one is lifting a heavyweight. The other problem is related with fear of hurting yourself with the heavyweights through accidents. This also created a lot of discomfort when lifting heavy weight. One of the ideas that have contributed to my positive perception towards the gym is the fact that the place looks organized. This is a point that can be support by the idea that if a place looks attractive to the eyes then a person is motivated to be related with that thing or place. That is the reason for the feeling of comfort whenever am in the gym; therefore, the feeling of doing something that contributes to my well-being also contributes to my happiness (The American Council on Exercise, 1). The other point is related to the comfort felt when handling various equipments in the gym. Given that some of the equipments in the gym carry a lot of weight, one may end up hurting their palms if there is no gripping pad fitted on the equipments, or if they are worn out without being replaced. Therefore, I find the place particularly impressive see that the gym equipments are maintained well to facilitate the comfort in using the equipments. The other points related to the fresh are circulating in the hall due to the opened windows. There are of the gyms that have been fitted with equipment beyond their carrying capacity, and this makes the place to have reduced air circulation. Therefore, this is impressive to find that the gym is organized in a way that the air is circulating well for everyone. In order to discuss the way I deal with the challenges in the gym, there is a need to focus on the problem is related to a feeling of intimidation, when a person is staring. I find the behavior of starring being rude though people do it in one way or the other. When a person is staring they are obviously thinking something about how a person looks or what one is doing. This makes people think that they are not using the equipment in the right way, or maybe a person is doing something wrong. This problem is eventually dealt with as one continues to use the equipments and gains the confidence in what they are doing.